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中国核能稳步发展
Steady Development of China Nuclear Energy

核电运行和建设稳步推进

核电作为一种清洁、稳定的能源，是未来中国重点发展布局的领域之一。

截至2022年9月底，中国大陆商运核电机组共53台，总装机容量5560万千瓦，仅次美国、法国，位居全球第三；在建核电机组23台，总装机容量2539万千瓦，继续保持全球第一。

2022年以来，中国大陆共有5个核电项目、10台机组获得国家核准。田湾8号机组、徐大堡4号机组、三门3号机组、海阳3号机组、陆丰5号机组先后开工建设。

积极拓展核能综合利用

2021年，中国大陆积极开展核电周边地区冬季供暖示范。山东海阳核能供暖二期项目按计划投运，供热面积覆盖海阳全城区（450万平米）；2021年12月，中国大陆南方首个核能供暖项目——浙江海盐核能供热示范工程一阶段正式投运；依托红沿河核电的东北地区首个核能供热示范项目计划在今年冬季投运。

中国大陆积极推进核电站利用延伸进入工业供汽领域。2022年5月，中国首个工业用途核能供汽工程——江苏田湾核电蒸汽供能项目能源站开工建设。

先进核能创新发展

玲龙一号（ACP100）小堆于2021年7月13日FCD，已完成反应堆压力容器本体水压试验、反应堆内部0m结构浇筑等，正在进行厂房结构施工，各项工作稳步推进。

2021 年初，随着霞浦核电示范快堆工程（CFR600）2 号机组开工，目前两台快堆机组建设进展顺利；
高温气冷堆商业示范电站（HTR-PM）于 2021 年底实现并网发电，计划 2022 年实现满功率运行；
钍基熔盐实验堆（TMSR-LF1-2MWth）已获得核材料许可证，计划 2022 年开展调试与试运行；

2022年10月，中国环流器二号（HL-2M）等离子体电流突破100万安培，创造了我国可控核聚变装置运行新纪录。

Operation and Construction of Nuclear Power in China

Nuclear power is not only a clean and stable energy source, but also one of the focal strategic development areas in China in the future.

As recorded until the end of September 2022, 53 nuclear power plant units are in commercial operation in China, accounting for total installed capacity of 55.6GWe. China ranks the third in the world in terms of installed nuclear power capacity after U.S.A. and France. 23 NPP units, with total installed capacity of 25.39GWe, are currently under construction. The scale of NPP units under construction remains the first in the globe.

From the start of 2022, China has approved a total of 5 nuclear power projects and 10 NPP units. The construction of respective nuclear power units have been launched, including Tianwan Unit 8, Xudabao Unit 4, Sanmen Unit 3, Haiyang Unit 3, Lufeng Unit 5.

Active Use & Integration of Nuclear Energy

In 2021, China has embarked trial & demonstration of commercial winter heating system generated by nuclear power for the neighbouring area. The second phase of nuclear energy heating project in Haiyang, Shandong has begun operation as scheduled, with heat provided covering the entire Haiyang city (4.5 million square metres). In December 2021, the first nuclear heating project of South China – initial phase of Zhejiang Haiyan Nuclear Energy Heating Demonstration, has officially been in operation while the first nuclear heating demonstration which relies on Hongyanhe NPP station in Northeast China is scheduled to operate in winter 2022.

China has also put its efforts in developing industrial-use nuclear energy steam supply projects. In May 2022, the pouring of first concrete for the industrial steam facility, Tianwan industrial steam project in Jiangsu, marks the official launching of the first industrial-use nuclear energy steam supply project in China.

Advancement & Innovative Development of Nuclear Energy

The construction of China’s ACP100 (Linglong One) small modular reactor (SMR) demonstration project officially started on July 13, 2021. Reactor pressure vessel hydraulic testing and pouring of last tank of concrete into the underground retaining walls have also been completed. Structures of the surrounding BOP buildings are currently under construction while all subsequent construction works will be conducted soon.

In early 2021, with the start of construction of China Fast Reactor (CFR600) unit 2, two fast reactors are currently in smooth construction progress.

At the end of 2021, the demonstration High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor – Pebble-bed Module (HTR-PM) has been successfully connected to the grid. The project is expected to be fully operational by 2022.

TMSR-LF1, a 2MW Thorium Molten-salt Reactor, has gained the approval on its nuclear material. The testing and trial operation will be launched in 2022.

In October 2022, a new breakthrough has been made in the scientific research of China’s HL-2M plasma current exceeding 1 million amperes. This creates a new record for the operation of controllable nuclear fusion device in the country.